What design features improve static lateral stability in an aircraft?

The design features that enhance static lateral stability in an aircraft are crucial for maintaining a balanced flight. A high wing configuration contributes to lateral stability because it positions the wings higher than the center of gravity. This arrangement allows the weight of the aircraft to act downward through the center of gravity, while the aerodynamic forces acting on the wings are offset from this point, creating a natural tendency to return to level flight if the aircraft is disturbed by a side gust or some other force.

Additionally, a large vertical fin plays a significant role in enhancing directional stability. A larger fin provides greater surface area for the airflow to exert force against, which reinforces the aircraft's ability to maintain its intended flight path and resist yawing motions. Together, the combination of a high wing and a large vertical fin creates a stabilizing moment that helps keep the aircraft balanced laterally, making it less susceptible to rolling or yawing away from the desired flight path. This is key for overall flight safety and control.

Other options may lack the specific combination of features that effectively enhance static lateral stability. For instance, a low wing combined with a small vertical fin might lead to reduced stability as it decreases the leverage effect of the wings and the fin's effectiveness.